Feeding air to furnaces



(No Model.)

' H. BARR.

FEEDING AIR T0 FURNACES.

No. 390,198. Patented Oct. 2, 1888.

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HORATIO BARR, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

FEEDING AlR TO FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 890,198, dated. 2, 1838.

Application filed April 2?, 1888.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Honarro BARR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of \Vaync, State of Michigan, have invented-certain new and useful Improvements in Feeding Air to Furnaces; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,which form apart of this specification.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal central section of a boiler-furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same. Fig. 8 is a section on the line was; Fig. 4, a section on the line y Fig. 5, a section on the line 2 z.

My invention has for its object the production of a furnace adapted for the burning of oil or other fuel. Great difficulty has been experienced in producing a furnace which would effect a perfect combustion of the fuel, and this has resulted in a considerable waste, for the fuel unconsu med would fall to the bottom of the furnace and be burned upon its floor, thus not materially assisting the upper stratum of flame in communicating heat to the boiler. Moreover, that portion of the fuel in aperfeet state of combustion has not been confined to the whole length of the boiler-shell and its fines, but has been permitted to expend its heat upon that portion of the boiler immediately adjacent to the burner. These difficulties I aim to overcome by my inven tion.

In carrying out my invention, A represents a boiler.

O is the furnace.

B represents passage-ways through which air is introduced to the furnace.

D represents dividing walls or partitions extending from the front end of the furnace back to its rear end, and at its rear end provided with openings or perforations (I, through which the air may enter between the said partitions, as indicated by the arrows.

E is a partition which serves to confine and form the top wall of the lower flues, B B It is sloped from its forward end upward toward the rear, beneath the rear end of the boiler, and in cross-section is made to conform some- Scrial No. 271,565. (No model.)

what to the curvature of the boiler-shell, so that its sides may serve to radiate the heat more directly against the boiler-shell. This partition E at its forward end is terminated by an upright portion, E, then by a hinged portion, E", and again by an upright section, E, and finally terminates in an open flooring, E". Beneath the portion E are arranged bridge-walls d, and beneath the portion E of the partition is a high bridge-wall, (2*.

The operation of this device will now be understood. The burner having been started, the draft of the chimney-flue draws air in through the opening B. This air is deflected to the right and left and passed through the fines B, beneath the partition E E, &c., back to the rear end of the boiler, and on its way is considerably heated by the downward radiation of heat froni above and from the side walls of the furnace. This air, passing to the rear end of the boiler, enters through the openings (1 into the middle line, P. Here it is by the bridge-walls d deflected upward in close proximity to the lower surface of the partition E, and, passing thence forward, becomes quite highly heated. It is then obliged to pass over the high partition (7.", and in thus doing passes in proximity to the most intensely-heated portion of the furnace. Here it is highly superheated. A portion of it continues on over the bridgc-wall and is by the d raft drawn up through the floor E and supplies the requisite amount at this point to produce combustion. This air is, moreover, in so highly heated a condition that the fuel combines with it with avidity and the combustion is rendered complete. This combustion is, however, taking place upon the exterior surface of the particles of oil and it takes an appreciable time for the whole substance of said particle to become consumed. It is in this ignited condition carried forward by the draft and meets with a fresh supply of this highly-heated air, which escapes through the perforated section E of the partition-wall. The combustion is therefore maintained until the combustible elements have been consumed, and none of it is permitted to settle upon the partition or adjacent parts of the furnace nnconsumed for want of oxygen.

Itis thus seen that not only is the air thoroughly and effectually heated before entering the coml)ustion-chamber, but is heated by the downward radiation from theintermediate partition, or, in other words, by the heat which would be otherwise wasted so far as concerns the serving of a useful purposein raising steam. So, also, the fuel thrown into the furnace for consumption is held in close proximity to the boiler, where the burning mass is all caused to do effectual work in raising steam.

Again,the partition-walls grad u allycontract from the front toward the rear, so that the mass of fuel once ignited is not permitted to settle before it is wholly consumed; but this gradual contraction of the space from front to rear causes the draft to become stronger and stronger as the burning fuel advances, and so keeps it moving close to the boiler until it is in the boiler, or in its fines or tubes perfectly consumed and the whole of it utilized to the best advantage in the raising ofsteam.

This device is equally applicable with any of the various forms of burners, and for any of the various varieties offur11aces,and the combustion being maintained from the forward end to the rear end of the boiler with substantially uniform intensity the boiler-shell is not impaired as heretofore by the unequal expansion due to the greatly-increased heat its forward end has heretofore sustained, and to which its rear portions have not been subjected.

Of course I do not limit myself strictly to the particular formation of the partition-wall, whereby it is divided into the several parts E, 15 E, and E; but this arrangement may be varied without departing from my invention. it being only essential that a suitable obstacle maybe presented against which the ignited oil may impinge and be burst into flame, and the partition produced which will confine the burning mass close to the boiler, and from which thedownward adiation may be utilized in heating incoming air.

\Vhat 1 claim is- 1. A boiler'furnaee for steanrhoilcrs, 850., the same consisting of a chamber beneath the boiler divided between its upper and lower portions by a partition, airfiucs leading back beneath this partition and forward again beneath the same, and a perforated section through which said heated air is drawn by the draft into the combnstion-chamber, substantially as described.

2. A boiler-furnace consisting of the combi nation, with a chamber beneath the boiler, of a partition dividing the said portion from the lower portion thereof, airfiues beneath the partition, through which air is drawn to the rear end of the furnace, thence forward again beneath the same, bridge-walls arranged to confine the air close to the surface ofthe said partition, and a perforated section, through which the air drawn by the draft is caused to enter the combustion-ehamber, substantially as and for the purposes described.

3. A boiler-furnace consisting of a chamber beneath the boiler having its upper portion divided from its lowerportion by a partition, said partition inclined backward and upward from its end to the rear end of the boiler, airflues beneath the partition,through which air entering at the forward end of the boiler is directed back beneath the partition to the rearend of the boiler, thence forward again beneath the same,bridgcwalls for confining the air close to the surface of said partition, and one or more perforated sections, through which said air is drawn by the draft into the combustion-chain ber, substantially as described.

4. A boilerfurnace consisting of a chamber below the boiler, the upper portion of which is divided from the lower portion by an intermediate partition, E E, with an elevated portion, E 13 E, said portions E and E being perforated for the passage of air, and in connection therewith air-flucs extending from the front to the rear, thence forward again beneath said partition,and provided with deflecting bridgewalls, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

HORATIO BARR.

\Vitnesses:

M. B. ODooniaa'ry, SAMUEL E. THOMAS. 

